Article 2 states that “when the personnel of a space vehicle land on the territory of a contracting party due to accidents, emergencies, emergencies or accidental landings, they immediately take all possible measures to save it and provide them with all necessary assistance. It informs the launch authority and the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the steps it has taken and their progress. If the assistance of the launch authority contributed to a rapid rescue or contributed significantly to the effectiveness of search and rescue operations, the launch authority cooperates with the contracting party to carry out search and rescue operations. These measures are subject to the management and control of the party acting in close and ongoing consultation with the opening authority. The history of the rescue agreement began shortly after the beginning of the space age with a 1959 report from the Committee on Peaceful Uses of Space: “The problems of re-entry and landing of spacecraft will arise for both unmanned and manned exploration craft. Recognizing that landing can be caused by accidents, errors or emergency landings, the Committee emphasized the opportunity to conclude multilateral agreements on readmission and landing. One of the topics that could be covered by these agreements is the return to the starting state of the vehicle itself and, in the case of a dressed vehicle, the provision of a rapid return of staff. The 1963 Declaration of Principle would soon be recognized as a binding international customary law. The 1968 bailout agreement would then be adopted shortly after the space treaty came into force in 1967. Article 3 provides for the rescue of personnel from an “illuminated” spacecraft on the high seas or in another place that is not subject to the jurisdiction of a state. Thus, Article 3 would not only require the rescue of astronauts who have landed on the high seas, in accordance with Article V of the Space Treaty, but would also require rescue operations to be carried out when a landing on the Moon or other celestial bodies or on an Earth`s surface of the Earth`s surface is not subject to the jurisdiction of a state.
, for example. B Antarctica. The 1968 rescue agreement, the agreement on the rescue of astronauts, the return of astronauts and the return of objects that were launched into space, the second space treaty, drawn up in the united Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Space, was adopted on 19 December 1967 by 115 votes to 0 and was opened for signature in Washington. , London and Moscow on 22 April 1968 and came into force on 3 December 1968. Since January 2019, ninety states have ratified the 1968 bailout agreement. At the time of the development of the treaty, the prospect of saving space travellers was unlikely due to limited launch opportunities, even the most advanced space programs, but has become more plausible since then. For example, Mir and later the International Space Station have entertained Russian soyuz docked spacecraft that, in an emergency, will be used as a leakage mechanism; in some scenarios, this vessel could also assist in a rescue. The relevance of an international treaty is measured not only by the rationality, coherence and scope of its conditions, but also by its effective implementation. Transposition within the framework of international treaties concerns both the transposition into the legal order, i.e. by nation states in their national jurisdictions, and the implementation of facts, situations or disputes.